Friday, April 6, 2012

Perbedaan Pemrograman Terstruktur dan Pemrograman Berbasis Objek


Pemrograman Terstruktur


Pemrograman Terstruktur adalah suatu proses untuk mengimplementasikan urutan langkah untuk menyelesaikan suatu masalah dalam bentuk program. Selain itu Pemrograman Terstruktur adalah suatu aktifitas pemrograman dengan memperhatikan urutan langkah-langkah perintah secara sistematis, logis , dan tersusun berdasarkan algoritma yang sederhana dan mudah dipahami.
Prinsip dari pemrograman terstruktur adalah Jika suatu proses telah sampai pada suatu titik atau langkah tertentu , maka proses selanjutnya tidak boleh mengeksekusi langkah sebelumnya atau kembali ke baris sebelumnya, kecuali pada langkah – langkah untuk proses berulang (Loop).
dilihat dari pengertian di atas, pemrograman terstruktur memilki beberapa sifat – sifat seperti :
a. Memuat teknik pemecahan masalah yang logis dan sistematis
b. Memuat algoritma yang efisien, efektif dan sederhana
c. Program disusun dengan logika yang mudah dipahami

berdasarkan penjelasan diatas, sangat jelas sekali bahwa pemrograman tersktruktur unggul dalam melakukan pemrograman sederhana karena lebih efisien.
Berikut bahasa pemrograman yang mendukung pemrograman terstruktur :
Cobol Turbo Prolog
C
Pascal
Delphi
Borland Delphi


Pemrograman Berbasis Objek

Konsep utama pemrograman berorientasi objek yaitu melakukan permodelan objek dari kehidupan nyata ke dalam tipe data abstrak. Pemrograman berorientasi objek merupakan konseppemrograman untuk memodelkan objek yang kita gunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, dan konsep ini membawa perubahan yang mendasar dalam konsep pemrograman terstruktur. Perubahan dramatis dalam konsep dasar disebut    paradigma, banyak orang yang menyebut “paradigma OOP” karena memang OOP membawa konsep yang sama sekali berbeda  dengan bahasa pemrograman generasi sebelumnya (bahasa pemrograman terstruktur).
Setiap objek dalam kehidupan nyata dapat kita pandang sebagai kelas, misalnya kelas Hewan, kelas Manusia,kelas Mobil.

a.  Objek dari kelas tersebut misalnya buaya dan keledai untuk kelas Hewan
b.  rina dan rizqi untuk kelas Manusia

Sementara itu pemrograman berorientasi objek memliki beberapa keuntungan seperti :
a.  Maintenance; program lebih mudah dibaca dan dipahami, dan pemrograman berorientasi obyekmengontrol kerumitan program hanya dengan mengijinkan rincian yang dibutuhkan untuk programmer.
b.  Pengubahan program (berupa penambahan atau penghapusan fitur tertentu); perubahan yang dilakukan antara lain menyangkut penambahan dan penghapusan dalam suatu database program misalnya.
c.  Dapat digunakannya obyek-obyek sesering yang diinginkan, Jadi, sangat jelas sekali bahwa pemrograman berorientasi objek sangat cocok sekali digunakan dalam kasus pembuatan software yang rumit dan kompleks karena memberikan berbagai kemudahan kepada pemrogram seperti yang telah disebutkan diatas.





Sumber : 

wikipedia
http://mateus92.wordpress.com/2012/04/04/119/#more-119

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